Circumcision is a cultural or medical procedure involving the removal of the foreskin, or fold of skin covering the head (glans) of the penis.
1. Religious or Cultural Reasons:
Performed in religions like Judaism and Islam as a religious obligation or coming of age ceremony.
It's also looked upon as a tradition or social norm in other cultures.
2. Medical Reasons:
To avoid or cure conditions such as phimosis (narrow foreskin), balanitis (inflammation of the glans), or recurring urinary tract infections.
Evidence also indicates circumcision could lower the risk of certain sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV.
3. Hygiene:
In other instances, circumcision is thought to simplify genital cleanliness by minimizing smegma buildup beneath the foreskin.
4. Parental Choice:
In the majority of countries, parents may decide on circumcision of their newborn sons on grounds of family, personal, or societal beliefs.
It's generally safe if performed by a professional, but like every surgery, it also carries certain risks like bleeding, infection, or pain.
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Here are some commonly mentioned benefits of circumcision:
1. Hygiene
- Easier to clean the head (glans) of the penis, reducing the risk of buildup like smegma.
2. Reduced Risk of Infections
- Decreases the likelihood of urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in infants.
- Lowers the risk of certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, HPV, and herpes.
3. Lower Risk of Some Medical Conditions
- Reduces the chance of developing phimosis (tight foreskin that can’t be retracted).
- Can help prevent balanitis (inflammation of the glans) and balanoposthitis (inflammation of the glans and foreskin).
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4. Reduced Risk of Penile Cancer
- Though penile cancer is rare, circumcision further lowers this risk.
5. Possible Partner Benefits
- Some studies suggest it might lower the risk of cervical cancer in female partners, likely due to reduced HPV transmission.
6. Cultural/Religious Fulfillment
- Provides a sense of community and tradition for those in cultures or religions where circumcision is a common or required practice.
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